Evaluation of ocular surface and corneal parameters in face mask users

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate tear tests and corneal parameters in individuals who wear face masks.
METHODS: A prospective study included 75 participants, all using surgical face masks due to new regulations during the COVID-19 pandemic. They were divided into groups according to the duration of face mask wear (<3 [Group 1], from 3 to 6 [Group 2], over 6 h/day [Group 3]). All participants underwent a detailed ophthalmological evaluation. The Schirmer test and tear break-up time (TBUT) scores were assessed. In addition, corneal parameters were measured using a Pentacam Scheimpflug camera.
RESULTS: The values of TBUT and Schirmer test scores were significantly lower in Group 3 than in Groups 1 and 2 (p<0.001 for all). There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in the pachymetric measurements at the pupil center (p<0.001), and the finest point was significantly less in Group 3 than in Groups 1 and 2 (p<0.001). The scores of the TBUT and Schirmer tests were significantly positively correlated with the pachymetric measurements (p<0.001 for all).
CONCLUSION: We have determined that the cornea is affected by individuals who wear face masks. To be protected from the undesirable effects of mask use, the exposed upper parts of the mask can be taped with a flexible tape, and artificial tears can be used prophylactically.